"GCC 4.8.2 provides a complete implementation of the Go 1.1.2 release."
"[gcc] Go has been tested on GNU/Linux and Solaris platforms for various processors including x86, x86_64, PowerPC, SPARC, and Alpha. It may work on other platforms as well."
The original compiler created by the Go team at Google, doesn't work on many platform. But Go is a language with many implementations of the compiler. Currently gccgo is the only other implementation I know which would be useful, but there is work on a llvm frontend too.
Take into consideration that precisely because of the design choices behind the language as it's currently specified (focus on simplicity in the language and implementation, e.g. explicit lack of dynamic linking) it's reasonable to expect that your application will work on a different compiler (compared with c++, at least for those who remember more troubled times)
There is a trade-off between "running anywhere" and "running mostly anywhere". I.e. going from 99% to 99.99% :-)
The server-side component only runs on Linux for now, and while it's supported only on x86_64, people have confirmed that it could run on i386, and arm v6/v7/v8.
Later releases will also target FreeBSD, Solaris, and possibly OS X.
The client-side component already runs on OS X, and could possibly run on Windows as well.
However, there is currently no interest at all in running Docker on AIX, HP/UX, Plan9; or on Sparc, Power, s390, or Mips platforms.
