lim (n -> infinity) f(n)/g(n) = 0
For instance, this function is o(n), because 1e1000/n goes to 0 as n grows.
f(n) = 10**n if n < 1000 else 1e1000
For instance, this function is o(n), because 1e1000/n goes to 0 as n grows.
(Pseudo-Python for a piecewise function that grows exponentially to 10**1000 at n = 1000 and then remains constant after that.)