I'm a designer, and this got me wondering if it was possible to achieve the same effect using Photshop. Turns out it's actually possible, so I wrote a quick tutorial:
If you're looking at a die, and see a 1, the opposite side will be a 6. If you're looking at a 2, the opposite side is a 5, and so on with 3 and 4.
So the back side of that portrait would have sixes in place of ones, and so on - generating a negative, with black taking the place of white, and white taking the place of black.
http://www.attackofdesign.com/how-to-build-a-portrait-with-d...